Architectural and general characteristics of satellite systems and services rendered . Satellite orbits study of various types of tracks and calculation of their basic characteristics . Analysis of coupling effect of propagation medium. Main characteristics of the coupling and power balance . Noise on satellite links , features and origins , calculation of carrier- to-noise ratio for various occasions links.Multiple access techniques in satellite systems , frequency division systems (FDMA), time (TDMA) and code (CDMA), fixed and variable capacity systems . Satellite multiple bonds . Interconnection links to change the satellite transponder (transponder hopping) or switching matrix (on board switching). Satellite middle and low-orbit systems , satellites interface methods in satellite networks . Structure , characteristics and organization of ground and satellite station . Modern developments in satellite systems and related techno-economic parameters .