Cellular Biology

ID : 
ΕΛ
Semester : 
3
Track: 
Free Electives

Department of Biology

15101182 CELL BIOLOGY (3ο semester) 7 ECTS

 

  • INTRODUCTION: STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS - CELLULAR ORGANIZATION (4 Hours): Origin and evolution of organisms. Structural elements - from biomolecules to cells. Bonds of structural elements and biomolecules. Cellular organization. Historical flashback of Biology of the Cell. The status of Biology of the Cell among Biosciences.
  • ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTION OF A MODEL CELLULAR SYSTEM (2 Hours): Dynamics of cellular structure and function. Structure and function of representative cell types. Ultrastructural analysis of cellular organization.
  • RESEARCH METHODOLOGY (4 Hours): Light Microscopy. Transmission and Scanning Electron Microscopy (TEM and SEM). Historical flashback of Microscopy. Immunofluorescence. Autoradiography. Cellular fractionation. Electrophoresis. Western immunoblotting. Chromatography. Lectins. Informatics and Biology of the Cell.
  • BIOLOGICAL MEMBRANES - SEPARATIVE FUNCTIONAL DOUBLE LAYERS (8 Hours): Components of biological membranes. Fluidity and regulation of fluidity in organisms. Specialized methodology. Properties of biological membranes. Models describing the structure and function of biological membranes. Specialized membrane systems.
  • FIRST STAIR OF THE FLOW OF GENETIC INFORMATION: LEVELS OF DNA ORGANIZATION (4 Hours): Coding, storage - packaging and decoding of genetic information. Nucleus, nucleolus and chromosomal components. Nuclear envelope, nuclear skeleton and nuclear pores. Human Genome Project (HGP).
  • SECOND STAIR OF INFORMATION FLOW: SYNTHESIS OF PROTEINS (4 Hours): Protein synthesis. The prokaryotic ribosome. The eukaryotic ribosome. Mechanisms of protein synthesis. Simultaneous translation of an mRNA transcript from multiple ribosomes.
  • CELLULAR ORGANELLES PRODUCING AND CONVERTING ENERGY: MITOCHONDRIA AND CHLOROPLASTS (2 Hours): Morphology, composition and function of mitochondria. Structure - Function relationships. Morphology, composition and function of chloroplasts. Origin and distribution of their components. Semi-autonomy of structure and function. Information flow - Transcription and Translation.
  • ORGANELLES PROCESSING AND DEGRADING BIOMOLECULES: PEROXISOMES AND LYSOSOMES (2 Hours): Morphology and function of peroxisomes. Morphology and function of lysosomes. Participation of lysosomes in the process of pinocytosis and phagocytosis. Contribution of lysosomes in cellular function.
  • CELLULAR FIBRILS - CYTOSKELETON (4 Hours): Microfilaments. Actin participation in cellular mechanisms of movement. Intermediate Filaments (IF). Characteristic types, intracellular organization and distribution of Intermediate Filaments. Microtubules, nucleation mechanisms. Microtubule Organizing Centers (MTOCs). The role of microtubules in mitosis. Cilia and flagella. The Actin-Myosin system. Proteins of thick and thin myofibrils. Interactions of myofibrils with extracellular matrix. Filaments and cellular shape. Microvilli.
  • SELF - ASSEMBLY, SUPRAMOLECULAR STRUCTURES - VIRUSES - PHAGES (4 Hours): Assembly of macromolecules - supramolecular structures - viruses and phages. Protein self-assembly. Self-assembly of viruses and phages. Lytic and lysogenic cycle of bacteriophages.
  • CELLULAR COMMUNICATION AND CONJUNCTION (4 Hours): Morphological manifestation of communication: Cellular junctions. Communication junctions. Occluding junctions. Anchoring junctions. Cellular adherence. Chemotaxis.
  • EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX (4 Hours): Components, organization and functions of extracellular material. Collagens and elastins. Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and proteoglycans (PGs). Extracellular matrix proteins of multiple adhesion. Basement membrane. Supramolecular structure of extracellular components.
  • CELL CYCLE - REPRODUCTION (4 Hours): Cell growth and division. Interphase. Cell cycle regulation during interphase. Cell cycle progression and the distinct restriction - check points. Regulation of the cell cycle check points. Mitosis and cytokinesis. Mechanisms controlling mitosis. Meiosis. Stages of the meiotic divisions I and II.
  • PRINCIPLES OF SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION (2 Hours): Role of protein phosphorylation in signal transduction. Classification of biological signals. Growth Factors (GFs). Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR). Role of signal transduction in cellular differentiation and development.

Textbook [25249]: Cell Biology, 4th Edition, Margaritis Loukas H. Details

Textbook [6]: Cell Biology, Marmaras B., Lambropoulou - Marmara M. Details